The treasure of the floodplain

Drawing of a duck

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The floodplains of the Rhine hide a treasure

The floodplains hold a very special treasure: gravel. Over millions of years, the river water has transported the colourful material many miles and has deposited some of it here. The gravel is pulverized rocks all the way from the Alps, Vosges mountains and the Black Forest. All along the Rhine, people have mined this floodplain treasure for building materials and filtering drainages. The Rhine floodplain in Plittersdorf, for example, was still being mined for gravel until the 1970s.

Today idyllic quarry pond - former gravel mining pond

Years of mining have left its mark on the floodplain and have affected the sensitive ecosystem. But thanks to laws protecting the area, mining has been stopped and habitats can recover. The former gravel mining pit is now an idyllic lake called the Big Metz Lake. It is a characteristic quarry with deep waters and steep banks. The body of water provides a habitat for ducks and other waterfowl. Great crested grebes rest here and Eurasian coots forage for food. Keep your eyes and ears open! There are good chances you will see dancing dragonflies or hear the bird concert from the dense forest just across the lake.

From mountain to gravel

Drawing about the process of how rocks become gravel. First step: rocks dissolve in the tannery.

1. Rocks detach from mountains

Rain, wind and frost loosen large boulders from the rock walls. The resulting boulders move down into the valley by gravity.

Drawing about the process of how rocks become gravel. Second step: The broken boulders are angular and have a rough surface.

2. Rough surface

The broken boulders are made of hard gneiss or granite rock. The rock is angular and has a rough, irregular surface.

Drawing about the process of how rocks become gravel. Third step: The rocks are transported by water through streams and rivers.

3. Transportation by water

With water, things move forward. Meltwater, streams and rivers transport the rock fragments further and further.

Drawing about the process of how rocks become gravel. Fourth step: During transport through the water, the rocks rub against each other. This makes them smaller and smaller.

4. Stones become increasingly smaller

During transport, the rock fragments constantly collide with each other. This causes them to break into smaller and smaller pieces of rock.

Drawing about the process of how rocks become gravel. Fifth step: The water rolls the small pieces of rock over the bottom. This makes the rocks round and finely polished. Gravel is created.

5. Smooth surface

The water rolls the small pieces of rock over the bottom. This makes the stones round and finely polished. Gravel is created.

Gravel everywhere? Where is the treasure of the floodplain hiding?

Click on the image where the gravel is located.

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All points at a glance

1. Under the railroad tracks

Wrong - crushed stone and gravel are the same stone, but crushed stone is coarser, not as nice and round, and larger than gravel

2. At the bottom of the pond

That's right - gravel in the pond helps keep the pond water clear.

3. On the flat roof of the house

Correct - on the flat roof gravel protects the roof waterproofing from UV rays and is an insulation against heat and cold.

4. Under the concrete of the entrance to the house

Correct - gravel as a substrate under concrete or stone slabs is an important drying layer that protects the pavement from frost.

5. On the wall of the house

That's right - gravel on the wall of the house helps water seep evenly into the ground and protects house walls and basements from moisture.

6. Around wires

Correct - to lay cables safely and securely, gravel helps as a solid support layer (bedding layer).

7. In the grill tray

Wrong - this is not gravel, but charcoal. Charcoal is a plant-based material that is used as fuel, for example, for barbecuing.

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